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It is worth mentioning who programmers are. A typical programmer, and I don’t want this to sound like a stereotype, is someone who is proficient in a specific programming language, executing precisely defined tasks related to writing code. Programmers are usually not very creative, which results from the fact that their tasks are often quite strictly defined by the client. They translate specific needs into programming code. It turns out that similar skills are possessed by the latest models of artificial intelligence. If a model is given a well-defined task, it will translate the described need into the selected programming language.
Can Artificial Intelligence Think Creatively?
Recently, I tested the latest GPT-4 chat model in the area of creating solutions in operational research. Operational research is a field designed for the mathematical optimization of processes. Using methods from operational research requires logical, often unconventional thinking, going beyond typical, routine approaches. Undoubtedly, operational research demands deep imagination and experience. I assigned the model several optimization tasks. Out of 10 assignments, nine were completed incorrectly. One was completed correctly because it was very conventional and belonged to the basic, classical scope of this field of science. Interestingly, each time the model performed its task, it boasted about the results. Unfortunately, the Python code it generated was unusable. It simply had errors. I pointed out the places where errors were made, yet the model insisted it was correct. Moreover, it frequently made mistakes when creating objective functions. This is a fundamental instance of the optimization process. It’s hard to optimize something when you set an incorrect goal. In summary, current models of artificial intelligence, especially the chosen GPT-4 chat model, are likely capable of easily replacing a typical programmer performing repetitive work, most often involving writing simple code. However, my experience indicates that models struggle with difficult logical tasks that require experience and unconventional thinking.
New Professions Emerging with the Development of Artificial Intelligence
It is obvious that sooner or later, a new version of the AI model will emerge, which will be more effective at solving difficult logical tasks. The development of artificial intelligence is inevitable and unstoppable. Therefore, it is likely that next year, even more advanced and creative employees will be replaced by significantly more efficient mathematical algorithms.
Technological Development and Unemployment
The introduction of new technologies has always been associated with the improvement of the material well-being of the general population. Of course, this phenomenon was accompanied by certain groups losing their livelihoods in the short term. Certain traditions and good reputations, as well as knowledge and skills, were irretrievably lost. Thus, carpet weavers and breeders of draft horses ceased to be needed when textile machines were mass-produced. Producers of freight wagons lost their jobs when the railway was developed. Assembly line workers lost their jobs when car manufacturers introduced industrial robots en masse. Importantly, these changes were not accompanied by a significant increase in unemployment. There was simply a mass process of reskilling. With technological development, the volume of production and the availability of goods and services increased. Since these goods became cheap due to their mass production, society could afford more. The increase in the wealth of citizens led to an increase in demand. More businesses were established, which meant more people found employment. These individuals could afford to purchase goods and services, directly driving the need to increase supply. This peculiar spiral of consumption and production is called economic growth.
We have a similar situation today. Currently, difficult-to-access intangible services such as valuations, expert opinions, designs, studies, and complex calculations or optimizations may become available to everyone in the near future. Experts who previously created such services will become unnecessary as artificial intelligence models will perform such services cheaply, quickly, and effectively.
The dynamic development of artificial intelligence that we have observed over the past two years has shaken the market of IT experts. Many programmers, database management experts, security specialists, and various kinds of professionals capable of navigating complex IT environments have lost their jobs. It has become clear that artificial intelligence models can easily replace these experts, especially in programming and overseeing processes. Indeed, artificial intelligence models are capable of programming effectively; no futurist expected that artificial intelligence would be able to independently write code at an early stage of development. The models in question can create simple applications, thus performing tasks that were previously carried out by programmers.
New Professions Emerging with the Development of Artificial Intelligence
There will soon be electronic auditors analyzing accounting books, models quickly designing buildings and structures, and experts studying the causes of disasters. Their primary engine will be artificial intelligence algorithms. Having some experience with various technological revolutions that humanity has undergone and being aware that artificial intelligence will still require human assistance, we can attempt to define several professions that will undoubtedly emerge.
Let’s try to list the most obvious jobs associated with the handling of artificial intelligence, which will likely dominate the job market in the near future.
AI Entrepreneur
A year ago, I attended a clothing fair in Warsaw. There, I met a startup that created descriptions for websites of stores selling clothing and footwear online. The service of this company consisted of the e-commerce company sending product photos and outlining the main characteristics related to those products to the startup. The startup returned a full product description along with their positioning on the pages, considering meta tags and all kinds of techniques related to enhancing products on pages. I started talking to the representatives of the startup about the techniques and technological solutions used. After a while, I learned that, in fact, this work is performed by a model trained by them, specifically GPT-4. This is an example of a new type of company that will appear en masse with the development of artificial intelligence algorithms. These will be companies that connect to algorithms that will perform work for them. Such companies have never existed before. They represent a connection between advanced artificial intelligence algorithms and businesses that do not want to engage directly with such models.
In this example, the new job is someone who fully utilizes the efficiency of artificial intelligence work and sells services that result from the work of this model.
Behavioral Analyst Supported by AI Models
Customers entering stores, people walking on the sidewalk, users visiting a website—each of these groups has a specific behavior pattern. Until now, analyzing customer behaviors in specific places, based on stimuli sent to them, has been a very difficult task. Until recently, such tasks were performed by data scientists who used Python libraries for these types of analyses. This work was extremely difficult as it required programming knowledge and tuning neural networks. The work was painstaking, and months of effort often did not yield the expected results. The development of new models will likely lead to a high level of standardization in assessing behavioral behaviors. Soon, models will appear that will specialize in analyzing people’s behaviors on the Internet, in buses, or at supermarket checkouts. To operate such complex analyses performed by advanced artificial intelligence algorithms, behavioral specialists will be needed to draw appropriate conclusions and discuss the analysis results. For example, they will be able to explain to a supermarket owner how to arrange product shelves, the order of various sales departments, which colors and lighting should dominate, and how to present products.
In summary, artificial intelligence is capable of creating highly advanced analyses that will meticulously present behavior models of specific customer groups. Unfortunately, the formulated conclusions will not be easy to interpret. These conclusions should be translated into real business by experts in customer behavior. The profession of behavioral analyst already exists, and there are also fields of study dedicated to this issue, such as at the Warsaw University of Technology.
AI Security Engineer
This is another significant profession that will emerge in the near future. It can be said that it will be a continuation of the IT security expert profession. This new profession will have a completely different area of work. Currently, cybersecurity experts mainly focus on detecting malicious software, analyzing email attachments and messages intended to create a vulnerability for the infiltration of malicious software aimed at stealing data or paralyzing the existing operating system. In the future, such work will be performed by autonomous artificial intelligence systems. They will do it better and more effectively. This will lead to a situation where these currently primitive methods of attacking operating systems will become completely ineffective. Hackers will then try other methods that are not related to the information system. They will seek access to the system through physical breach, meaning connecting directly to the system. Hackers will also increasingly attempt to manipulate people working in the targeted institution. Human creativity is immense, while artificial intelligence systems operate exclusively in an IT environment. A profession will emerge that will be a kind of detective constantly seeking ways to breach the system through various sophisticated methods that are impossible to monitor by artificial intelligence.
AI Personality Creator
For several months, I have been collaborating with various AI models. I noticed that some of them behave in a unique way, as if they have a different personality each time, every day. This is evidence of a certain type of underdevelopment of the system. If we indicate in the models that the model should learn from us, it becomes more predictable. It retains a certain level of repeatability but is susceptible to our bad moods. What may seem funny is that I often have the impression that models can express something akin to disapproval; they can be spiteful or ironic. This may just be my subjective impression, but often after pointing out some aspect, the model can sulk, disconnect, or provide spiteful examples. Another example from my experience: if we indicate that the model should learn our behaviors and we happen to have a bad day, talking to it in an enigmatic and sluggish manner, the next day the model will talk to us as if we were still enigmatic and sluggish, even though we want to engage dynamically. This is a typical example of applying learning through past analysis.
Artificial intelligence models are meant to imitate the behaviors of living people. Models need to learn about their clients and must do so skillfully. Collaborating with other people is very challenging because the human essence is very complicated in terms of reactions, behaviors, and overall communication. Therefore, the presence of psychologists and designers of artificial intelligence personalities will undoubtedly be necessary. Advanced models will need to be designed with significant involvement from psychology specialists.
AI Controller
In the future, personality creators will observe robotic guides in museums or cybernetic car salespeople. They will analyze their behaviors, facial expressions, and customer reactions to their behaviors. Using artificial intelligence algorithms, based on customer reactions, such a specialist will seek out weaknesses and flaws in robotic employees. They will also be able to steer the personalities of robots or control their behaviors in the context of legal regulations and ethical considerations, including discrimination or a lack of empathy from robots. Among the responsibilities of such a specialist may also be identifying and indicating frauds in artificial intelligence. Unfortunately, artificial intelligence does cheat, and it does so relatively often. Currently, this is referred to as insinuations or generating non-existent content. Undoubtedly, with the advancement of algorithms, the phenomenon of cheating or psychological manipulation will likely become increasingly sophisticated and harder to detect. Specialists will be needed who can identify and eliminate such phenomena.
AI Artistic Director
Artificial intelligence has significantly disrupted the field of creativity. It has turned out that mathematical algorithms are capable of creating beautiful images, very interesting and deep abstractions, composing interiors, and building extraordinary artistic atmospheres. There will certainly be a need for someone who can fine-tune the machine’s sense of taste. The artistic director will be able to communicate with artificial intelligence models, design appropriate commands and instructions that will significantly improve aesthetics and guide the work of cybernetic artists towards specific needs expressed by clients.
AI Content Developer
In general, a developer is someone who can create queries and obtain answers from large data sources. Incidentally, developers are also referred to as programmers. However, let’s stick to the first version of this term. These individuals often use SQL, allowing them to extract very difficult-to-obtain information from the source in a short time. AI content developers will play a similar role. They will know how to pose complex queries to artificial intelligence models. These queries are called prompts. There is a wealth of interesting recommendations available on the internet about how to converse with artificial intelligence. For example, before we start asking questions, it’s worth telling the model who we are or what our goals or intentions are. Then there’s a greater chance of receiving content that meets our needs. An expert who can communicate with artificial intelligence using queries formulated in natural language will be a very important and useful profession of the future.
AI Implementer
Implementing artificial intelligence in a plant or food wholesale may prove difficult for the employees there. Artificial intelligence has many skills that could significantly improve process efficiency. Unfortunately, neither artificial intelligence will come on its own, nor will the people working in the plants implement such advanced solutions by themselves. An AI implementer is someone who will know both the processes occurring in specific industries and the functionalities of artificial intelligence models very well. This person will be able to connect algorithms with needs.
AI Model Creator
This is a very elite profession that currently practically does not exist in Poland. Undoubtedly, small companies will soon emerge that will create artificial intelligence models specialized in specific areas independently. Until now, such teams have rarely been seen, as tools for building such models did not exist in the technological environment. Artificial intelligence models can be constructed using other artificial intelligence models. Additionally, a wealth of components for building artificial intelligence models will soon be available. There will also be raw material databases, meaning specially profiled data; I mean, for example, described photos that were created solely for building intelligent image recognition systems. I mean the increasingly common new organization of data designed to serve as a knowledge source for learning AI models. To better illustrate this issue, I will use a simple example.
When the first cars were created, standard bearings, hubs, exhaust systems, or batteries did not exist in the technical environment. Each of these components had to be built by oneself. Because now one can buy any type of bearings, engines, or suspension systems, building one’s own vehicle is no longer a major challenge. The same goes for models. Currently, to build a model, one must first organize data, create (often from scratch) mathematical algorithms, and the environment in which the model will operate. With technological development, the availability of these types of components for building models will become increasingly easier. We already have access to ready-made libraries containing specific codes for constructing functional modules, cloud environments in which we can install our solutions. However, these types of components are still both expensive and not very easy to use. With the technological development of artificial intelligence and the proliferation of algorithms, there will be mass production of subsequent models, and along with that, many highly specialized experts involved in creating such solutions will emerge.
Summary
Undoubtedly, the professions mentioned here will sooner or later appear in the job market. Each of the roles listed will have its specialization. There will be developers specializing in legal issues, developers who will obtain knowledge about inconsistencies in technological processes. There will also be intermediary professions combining many of the functions mentioned here. For example, experts in customer behavior combined with the specialization of art animators. AI implementers will emerge who will also be model creators. We can undoubtedly assume that all new professions will utilize the new possibilities brought about by the development of artificial intelligence. Once again, people will have the opportunity to demonstrate creativity and adaptive skills in a new work environment.
Wojciech Moszczyński
Wojciech Moszczyński is a graduate of the Department of Econometrics and Statistics at Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, specializing in econometrics, finance, data science, and management accounting. He specializes in optimizing production and logistics processes. He conducts research in the field of the development and application of artificial intelligence. He has been engaged in popularizing machine learning and data science in business environments for years.
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